About 700 Jews - roughly 300-350 families, including diplomats and expatriates - live in Luxembourg today, constituting one of that country’s largest ethnic minorities. Most live in Luxembourg City, with a smaller community in the town of Esch-sur-Alzette.
The first evidences of Jews in Luxembourg date back to the Middle Ages. The great synagogue in Luxembourg City was built in 1894. That building, surmounted by its three cupolas, was closed and then destroyed by the German occupant in 1941. It was not until 1953 and 1954 respectively that two new synagogues were opened in Luxembourg and in Esch-sur-Alzette.